Calibrating M Dwarf Metallicities Using Molecular Indices
We report progress in the calibration of a method to determine cooldwarf star metallicities using molecular band strength indices. Themolecular band index to metallicity relation can be calibrated usingchemical abundances calculated from atomic-line equivalent widthmeasurements in high-resolution spectra. Building on previous work, wehave measured Fe and Ti abundances in 32 additional M and K dwarf starsto extend the range of temperature and metallicity covered. A test ofour analysis method using warm star-cool star binaries shows we cancalculate reliable abundances for stars warmer than 3500 K. We have usedabundance measurements for warmer binary or cluster companions toestimate abundances in six additional cool dwarfs. Adding stars measuredin our previous work and others from the literature provides 76 starswith Fe abundance and CaH2 and TiO5 index measurements. The CaH2molecular index is directly correlated with temperature. TiO5 depends ontemperature and metallicity. Metallicity can be estimated to within+/-0.3 dex within the bounds of our calibration, which extends fromroughly [Fe/H]=+0.05 to -1.0, with a limited extension to -1.5.
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Photometric Separation of Stellar Properties Using SDSS Filters
Using synthetic photometry of Kurucz model spectra, we explore thecolors of stars as a function of temperature, metallicity, and surfacegravity with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) filters, u'g'r'i'z'. Thesynthetic colors show qualitative agreement with the few publishedobservations in these filters. We find that the locus of synthetic starsis basically two-dimensional for 4500 < T < 8000 K, whichprecludes simultaneous color separation of the three basic stellarcharacteristics we consider. Colors including u' contain the mostinformation about normal stellar properties; measurements in this filterare also important for selecting white dwarfs. We identify two differentsubsets of the locus in which the loci separate by either metallicity orsurface gravity. For 0.5 < g' - r' < 0.8 (corresponding roughly toG stars), the locus separates by metallicity; for photometric error of afew percent, we estimate metallicity to within ~0.5 dex in this range.In the range -0.15 < g' - r' < 0.00 (corresponding roughly to Astars), the locus shows separation by surface gravity. In both cases, weshow that it is advantageous to use more than two colors whendetermining stellar properties by color. Strategic observations in SDSSfilters are required to resolve the source of a ~5% discrepancy betweensynthetic colors of Gunn-Stryker stars, Kurucz models, and externaldeterminations of the metallicities and surface gravities. The syntheticstar colors can be used to investigate the properties of any normal starand to construct analytic expressions for the photometric prediction ofstellar properties in special cases.
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ROSAT All-Sky Survey Observations of the Hyades Cluster
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1995ApJ...448..683S&db_key=AST
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The Henry Draper Extension Charts: A catalogue of accurate positions, proper motions, magnitudes and spectral types of 86933 stars
The Henry Draper Extension Charts (HDEC), published in the form offinding charts, provide spectral classification for some 87000 starsmostly between 10th and 11th magnitude. This data, being highlyvaluable, as yet was practically unusable for modern computer-basedastronomy. An earlier pilot project (Roeser et al. 1991) demonstrated apossibility to convert this into a star catalogue, using measurements ofcartesian coordinates of stars on the charts and positions of theAstrographic Catalogue (AC) for subsequent identification. We presenthere a final HDEC catalogue comprising accurate positions, propermotions, magnitudes and spectral classes for 86933 stars of the HenryDraper Extension Charts.
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Radio continuum emission from stars: a catalogue update.
An updated version of my catalogue of radio stars is presented. Somestatistics and availability are discussed.
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ROSAT X-ray luminosity functions of the Hyades dK and dM stars
Long-duration ROSAT PSPC pointed observations of the Hyades open starcluster are performed. The Hyades dK and XLFs from the presentobservations are compared with published Einstein dK/dM XLFs. The HyadesdK binaries have significantly higher L(X) than the Hyades dK stars.However, all these binaries have relatively long periods (greater thanabout 1 yr), and hence the L(X) levels cannot be attributed to theenhanced activity expected in short-period, 'BY Dra-type' systems. It isalso shown that the effect cannot be due simply to the summedluminosities of the component stars.
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Low-Mass Stars in the Hyades
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1993MNRAS.265..785R&db_key=AST
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The low mass Hyades and the evaporation of clusters
The 135 single stars and 85 binary systems, redder than R-I = +0.34 magand brighter than V = 17 mag, between alpha = 3.75 h and 5.0 h and delta= +5 deg and + 25 deg show a luminosity function that differsconsiderably from that of the general field stars within 20 pc of theSun. The ratio of double star components to single cluster membersincreases markedly with decreasing luminosity. Forty-three single starsand 16 binary systems that are members of the Hyades supercluster within20 pc of the Sun show the same luminosity function as the field stars inthat region. Fifty percent of the cluster members and 40 percent of thesupercluster members are components of binary stars. The equivalentwidths of H-alpha appear to support a range of ages (approximately 8 to16 x 108 yr) for the cluster stars and demonstrate that theoldest objects are in the supercluster. A list of cluster members, whichmay include the end of the stable main sequence, but for which accurate(R-I) photometry is not available, is included. The half-dozen knownparallax stars of the faintest luminosity contain at least onesupercluster member, TVLM 868-110639, which is probably beyond thestable, nuclear burning main sequence as a 'transitional' or 'brown'dwarf.
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A 1.5 GHz radio survey of the Hyades open stellar cluster
Results of a radio survey of the Hyades open stellar cluster carried outwith the VLA at 1.5 GHz are reported. Seventeen fields containing over150 cataloged stars were mapped down to a limiting sensitivity rangingfrom 0.3 mJy at the centers of the fields to 0.9 mJy at a distance of 20arcmin from field centers. Two stars were detected as radio sources: theevolved spectroscopic binary V471 Tau, consisting of a white dwarf and ared dwarf; and the apparently premain-sequence G+K star spectroscopicbinary HD 27130. The failure to detect any single stars as radio sourcesis generally consistent with the age-rotation-activity paradigm,according to which stellar activity is due to magnetic fields producedby dynamo action in rapidly rotating stars and should decrease with ageas a star spins down due to magnetic braking. It is concluded that theHyades M dwarf population is not more active at radio wavelengths thanthe nearby flare star population, or else the number of flare stars inthe Hyades is much less than presently assumed.
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Proper motions from Schmidt plates. II - The Hyades
COSMOS scans of photographic plates taken by the Palomar Oschin Schmidttelescope and by the UK Schmidt telescope are used to obtain propermotions for about 450,000 stars within a 112-sq-deg region covering partof the Hyades luster. With epoch differences of 33 to 37 yr, propermotions accurate to 6-12 milliarcsec/yr are obtained, and 393 candidateHyades to a limiting magnitude of about 15.5, including at least two newwhite dwarf candidates, are identified. The main-sequence luminosityfunction determined from this sample is similar to that defined by localfield stars, with a broad maximum at about +12. Both the line-of-sightand surface density distributions show evidence for significant masssegregation; the overall proper motion distribution suggests a tightcore centered within a much broader distribution. A total mass of410-480 solar masses and a gravitational binding radius of about 10.5 pcare derived.
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Four colour and H-beta photometry for low mass members in open clusters. II - The Hyades
Photoelectric uvby and H-beta photometry has been obtained for 28low-mass members in the Hyades cluster. The stars observed are G and Ktype stars of the lower main sequence with colors up to (b-y) = 0.8 mag,selected from the proper motion study of Van Altena (1969) with highprobability of membership. Their position in the related four color andH-beta photometric diagrams is discussed. The derived values for thedistance modulus and metallicity are compatible with the common acceptedvalues for this cluster. The c1-(b-y) plane shows the persistence of theHyades anomaly in the G star range, disappearing for late G and Kspectral types. This result is in good agreement with previous resultsobtained by the authors for the Praesepe star cluster.
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Theoretical colours and isochrones for some Hubble Space Telescope colour systems. II
A grid of synthetic surface brightness magnitudes for 14 bandpasses ofthe Hubble Space Telescope Faint Object Camera is presented, as well asa grid of UBV, uvby, and Faint Object Camera surface brightnessmagnitudes derived from the Gunn-Stryker spectrophotometric atlas. Thesynthetic colors are used to examine the transformations between theground-based Johnson UBV and Stromgren uvby systems and the Faint ObjectCamera UBV and uvby. Two new four-color systems, similar to theStromgren system, are proposed for the determination of abundance,temperature, and surface gravity. The synthetic colors are also used tocalculate color-magnitude isochrones from the list of theoretical tracksprovided by VandenBerg and Bell (1990). It is shown that by using theappropriate filters it is possible to minimize the dependence of thiscolor difference on metallicity. The effects of interstellar reddeningon various Faint Object Camera colors are analyzed as well as theobservational requirements for obtaining data of a given signal-to-noisefor each of the 14 bandpasses.
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The chromospheric activity of low-mass stars in the Hyades
High-resolution spectra or narrow-band H-alpha photometry of 106 dwarf Kand M stars in the Hyades cluster have been used to determine H-alphaequivalent widths. These data reveal a sequence of Hyades members withH-alpha in absorption for photospheric temperatures hotter than about3500 K. Within this sequence, the dispersion about the mean equivalentwidth-color relation is only slightly larger than the measurementerrors. A second sequence of Hyades members, characterized by H-alphaemission and significant scatter at a given color, appears at effectivetemperatures cooler than about 4000 K. This bifurcation in H-alphaproperties at 4000 K coincides with a bifurcation in the rotationalcharacteristics of Hyades stars: the dispersion in the rotationalvelocities of the hotter Hyades members at a given effective temperatureis small while the cooler stars exhibit significant scatter in theirrotational velocities. On the basis of these data, it is suggested thatlow-mass stars spin down to rotational velocities dependent upon massand age, but independent of premain-sequence angular momentum.
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Parallaxes of stars in the Hyades Cluster region - A comparison of hand and automatic measures
Parallaxes and proper motions are presented for 30 members of the HyadesCluster and 223 field stars in 13 fields located near the center of thecluster. The series of photographic plates are extensive and they weremeasured twice; first, by hand, using a conventional two-screw measuringmachine, and also with a PDS microdensitometer. A comparison of the twosets of measures reveals that the internal and external errors inparallax average about + or - 0.005 arcsec for the central stars fromautomatic PDS measures and about twice this amount for the data measuredby hand. The parallaxes of the member stars yield a distance modulus of3.30, in excellent agreement with the average of many prior distancedeterminations for the cluster. The parallaxes of the field starsconfirm a small amount of coma or higher-order terms in the opticalsystem of the Van Vleck refractor. They also confirm that, within afield of one half degree radius centered on the optical axis and over arange in visual magnitude from 8.5 to 13, the errors in parallax varyonly slightly over the most optimum conditions.
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A radial-velocity survey of the Hyades
Photoelectric radial-velocity measurements, obtained with external erroras small as 0.1 km/s using the 200-inch Hale telescope at PalomarObservatory during the period 1971-1986, are reported for over 400candidate members (with V magnitude between 6 and 14) of the Hyadescluster. The history of Hyades observations is recalled; the Palomarinstrumentation and observing program are described; the data-reductionand standardization procedures are discussed in detail; and the data arepresented in extensive tables and graphs. About 200 of the stars areclassified as cluster members, including 60 spectroscopic binaries.
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The Einstein Observatory survey of stars in the Hyades cluster region
The paper reports the results of an extensive X-ray study of the Hyadesregion and improves on previous studies by using refined X-ray sourcedetection algorithms and the complete set of Einstein Observatory IPCexposures covering the Hyades cluster region (a total of 63 1 x 1 degimages). Maximum likelihood integral X-ray luminosity functions werecomputed for the Hyades stars for given color index (B-V) ranges. Thepresent results agree substantially with a previous survey about theubiquity of the stellar activity in the Hyades cluster, especially amongsolar-type stars. The result of Stern et al. (1981) that stellar X-rayemission is dependent on stellar age is confrimed.
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Positions of 127 Hyads and 6-cm observations of 320 Hyads
Accurate positions are given for 127 Hyades cluster stars whichpreviously had only approximate positions known. The fields of 320Hyads, including 55 X-ray stars, were observed with the VLA to a 6-cmdetection level of approximately 0.5 mJy. There were no detections.
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Stellar spectrophotometric atlas, wavelengths from 3130 to 10800 A
Over the course of the past 10 years, a large body of homogeneousspectrophotometric data on relatively bright stars has been gathered toserve as a library with which to synthesize galaxy spectra in populationstudies. As the data might be generally useful, they are presented inthree tables. One hundred seventy-five (175) stars were selected, mostfrom the Navy photometric catalog. Covered are complete ranges ofspectral type and luminosity class. Normalized spectral energydistributions of these stars in pictorial form are provided along withtables of calculated colors, scan line and continuum indices, and someinformation on the relation of the scan colors to real photometricsystems.
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Luminosity distribution and shape of the Hyades cluster
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1979A&A....78..312O&db_key=AST
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Photometry of new possible members of the Hyades cluster.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977AJ.....82..978U&db_key=AST
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Intermediate-band photometry of late-type stars. III. The Geneva Observatory (GO) photometric system.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1977PASP...89..706E&db_key=AST
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New members of the Hyades cluster and a discussion of its structure.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1975A&A....43..423P&db_key=AST
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Parallaxes of 18 dwarf members of the Hyades cluster.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1975AJ.....80..642K
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A study of the motion, membership, and distance of the Hyades cluster
Particular attention is given to the role of the convergent-point, ormoving cluster, method in the determination of the Hyades distance, andthe apparent discrepancy between its results and those of other Hyadesdistance indicators. The Hyades photographic plate material isconsidered along with the approaches used in the measurements, propermotion reductions, coordinate reductions, and aspects of photography.Problems of cluster membership determination are also discussed.
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The Distance to the Hyades Cluster from R - i Photometry
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1974ApJ...193..359U&db_key=AST
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Low-luminosity members of the Hyades cluster. II.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1969AJ.....74....2V&db_key=AST
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Low-luminosity members of the Hyades cluster.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1966AJ.....71..482V&db_key=AST
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The Color-Magnitude Diagram of the Hyades Cluster.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1962ApJ...136...75J&db_key=AST
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The Hyades and Coma Berenices Star Clusters.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1955ApJ...122..209J&db_key=AST
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Some new members of the Hyades cluster
Not Available
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