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The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of 14 000 F and G dwarfs
We present and discuss new determinations of metallicity, rotation, age,kinematics, and Galactic orbits for a complete, magnitude-limited, andkinematically unbiased sample of 16 682 nearby F and G dwarf stars. Our63 000 new, accurate radial-velocity observations for nearly 13 500stars allow identification of most of the binary stars in the sampleand, together with published uvbyβ photometry, Hipparcosparallaxes, Tycho-2 proper motions, and a few earlier radial velocities,complete the kinematic information for 14 139 stars. These high-qualityvelocity data are supplemented by effective temperatures andmetallicities newly derived from recent and/or revised calibrations. Theremaining stars either lack Hipparcos data or have fast rotation. Amajor effort has been devoted to the determination of new isochrone agesfor all stars for which this is possible. Particular attention has beengiven to a realistic treatment of statistical biases and errorestimates, as standard techniques tend to underestimate these effectsand introduce spurious features in the age distributions. Our ages agreewell with those by Edvardsson et al. (\cite{edv93}), despite severalastrophysical and computational improvements since then. We demonstrate,however, how strong observational and theoretical biases cause thedistribution of the observed ages to be very different from that of thetrue age distribution of the sample. Among the many basic relations ofthe Galactic disk that can be reinvestigated from the data presentedhere, we revisit the metallicity distribution of the G dwarfs and theage-metallicity, age-velocity, and metallicity-velocity relations of theSolar neighbourhood. Our first results confirm the lack of metal-poor Gdwarfs relative to closed-box model predictions (the ``G dwarfproblem''), the existence of radial metallicity gradients in the disk,the small change in mean metallicity of the thin disk since itsformation and the substantial scatter in metallicity at all ages, andthe continuing kinematic heating of the thin disk with an efficiencyconsistent with that expected for a combination of spiral arms and giantmolecular clouds. Distinct features in the distribution of the Vcomponent of the space motion are extended in age and metallicity,corresponding to the effects of stochastic spiral waves rather thanclassical moving groups, and may complicate the identification ofthick-disk stars from kinematic criteria. More advanced analyses of thisrich material will require careful simulations of the selection criteriafor the sample and the distribution of observational errors.Based on observations made with the Danish 1.5-m telescope at ESO, LaSilla, Chile, and with the Swiss 1-m telescope at Observatoire deHaute-Provence, France.Complete Tables 1 and 2 are only available in electronic form at the CDSvia anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/418/989
| Vitesses radiales. Catalogue WEB: Wilson Evans Batten. Subtittle: Radial velocities: The Wilson-Evans-Batten catalogue.
We give a common version of the two catalogues of Mean Radial Velocitiesby Wilson (1963) and Evans (1978) to which we have added the catalogueof spectroscopic binary systems (Batten et al. 1989). For each star,when possible, we give: 1) an acronym to enter SIMBAD (Set ofIdentifications Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) ofthe CDS (Centre de Donnees Astronomiques de Strasbourg). 2) the numberHIC of the HIPPARCOS catalogue (Turon 1992). 3) the CCDM number(Catalogue des Composantes des etoiles Doubles et Multiples) byDommanget & Nys (1994). For the cluster stars, a precise study hasbeen done, on the identificator numbers. Numerous remarks point out theproblems we have had to deal with.
| Stroemgren photometry of F- and G-type stars brighter than V = 9.6. I. UVBY photometry
Within the framework of a large photometric observing program, designedto investigate the Galaxy's structure and evolution, Hβ photometryis being made for about 9000 stars. As a by-product, supplementary uvbyphotometry has been made. The results are presented in a cataloguecontaining 6924 uvby observations of 6190 stars, all south ofδ=+38deg. The overall internal rms errors of one observation(transformed to the standard system) of a program star in the interval6.5
| A radial-velocity survey of the Hyades
Photoelectric radial-velocity measurements, obtained with external erroras small as 0.1 km/s using the 200-inch Hale telescope at PalomarObservatory during the period 1971-1986, are reported for over 400candidate members (with V magnitude between 6 and 14) of the Hyadescluster. The history of Hyades observations is recalled; the Palomarinstrumentation and observing program are described; the data-reductionand standardization procedures are discussed in detail; and the data arepresented in extensive tables and graphs. About 200 of the stars areclassified as cluster members, including 60 spectroscopic binaries.
| The radial velocity of the Hyades cluster
Radial velocities for thirty-nine members or suspected members of theHyades cluster are determined through direct comparison with solarsystem objects. Using these new data for 17 nonvariable members, plusadditional published radial velocities, a new cluster radial velocity (+39.1 + or - 0.2 km/s) is derived. A radial-velocity convergent pointalso is obtained, which is in agreement with those derived throughproper-motion data. No significant correction to the standard Hyadesdistance is required by these new velocity data, but specific clusterdistances obtained in previous investigations are adjusted by smallamounts.
| Evidence of helium abundance differences between young groups of stars
Seven groups of B-type stars - Sco-Cen, NGC 6231, LacOBI,OriOBIb, h + chi Per, CepOBIII, and field stars - wereinvestigated photoelectrically to determine whether helium abundance isuniform in the solar neighborhood and in a region of the spiral arm ofthe Galaxy. Observations were performed using an echelle spectrometer inthe narrow band index of the I (4026) of the He I-4026 line. Amodel-atmosphere analysis of I (4026) and the beta index of the H betaline shows that in the spectral range B O-B 2, the relation between I(4026) and beta is insensitive to differences in the surface gravity butsensitive to differences in the helium to hydrogen ratio. It is foundthat stars in the two groups most distant from the sun - h + chi Per andCepOBIII - have a lower helium abundance than stars in the solarneighborhood.
| Catalog of Indidual Radial Velocities, 0h-12h, Measured by Astronomers of the Mount Wilson Observatory
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1970ApJS...19..387A&db_key=AST
| Stellar kinematics and evolution
Not Available
| Stellar groups, VII. The structure of the Hyades group
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1960MNRAS.120..540E&db_key=AST
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Besorolás csoportokba:
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Pozíciós és asztrometriai adatok
| Csillagkép: | Kos |
| Rektaszcenzió: | 03h19m29.04s |
| Deklináció: | +19°43'14.0" |
| Vizuális fényesség: | 8.508 |
| RA sajátmozgás: | 91.6 |
| Dec sajátmozgás: | -16.6 |
| B-T magnitude: | 9.124 |
| V-T magnitude: | 8.559 |
Katalógusok és elnevezések:
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